To understand why nearly every climate expert on the
planet believes our hundred-year binge on fossil fuels has set the
stage for today’s wrenching weather disruptions, you have to
take the long view, looking beyond a single hurricane or heat wave.
If you do that, the news gets worse. And if you really
wish to scare yourself, a good place to start is a new book by Mark
Bowen, a physicist and mountain climber.
Thin
Ice: Unlocking the Secrets of Climate in the World’s Highest
Mountains provides a thorough and readable introduction
to the evolving science of global warming. But the book’s
primary contribution is its vivid description of work on tropical
glaciers. Most global-warming coverage focuses on polar regions;
Bowen presents compelling evidence that what’s happening at
the equator is even more important — and more alarming
— than what’s happening in Antarctica, Alaska and
Greenland.
Bowen accompanies researchers who extract core
samples of ice from high-altitude tropical glaciers, some of which
have persisted for more than half a million years. Those samples
preserve a record of the climate and conditions that prevailed when
the precipitation originally fell.
Global climate
dynamics appear to be strongly affected by the amount of solar
energy reaching the Earth’s surface. Most of that energy
enters the atmosphere over the equator, which gives the record
preserved in tropical ice particular importance.
Not
coincidentally, that ice is rapidly vanishing. The famous snows of
Kilimanjaro? Gone in 15 years, at the current melt rate. The same
thing is occurring in the Himalayas and the Andes, and in North
America, where the glaciers of Glacier National Park will have
vanished by 2030. Arctic sea ice coverage is declining by 3 percent
a decade and recently reached a record low.
Climatologists at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies found
that the global average temperature last year was the highest in
the era of recorded data, which reaches back to the 1890s.
And all of the evidence points to a much hotter future.
That should be enough to send chills down anyone’s spine.
Climate-change clues — in tropical glaciers
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